Difference between revisions of "Directory:Bleiburg Massacre Wikipedia"

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''<blockquote></blockquote>''
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'''This''' is about [[Wikipedia|Wikipedia's]] article on the Bleiburg Massacre.
  
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''<blockquote></blockquote>''
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Wikipedia's article on the Bleiburg massacre,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZK2WE_2H3UEC&pg=PA168&dq=Bleiburg+massacre&hl=en&ei=kbsiTJ-MDIHJcc2kzIkF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:|}} The Holocaust and Historical ''by'' David B. MacDonald. Page 168.
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* The Partisans also carried out massacres, best known being at Bleiburg [[Austria]], where retreating Croatian and [[Slovenia|Slovenian]] forces and thier families were massacred.</ref><ref> Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases by Inc Icon Group International</ref> is an article that reads as if it was written by the former ''Communist Party of Yugoslavia''. It has a dated writing approach that is reminiscent of the propaganda of the former [[Communists|Communist Yugoslavia]]. The Yugoslav regime was desperate to keep the massacre a secret however this all changed after the break up of Yugoslavia. These events happened after the end of [[World War Two]]. It has been written that the massacre was a revenge <ref>[http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia  www.enotes.com "Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 26 Jun, 2010 ] Yugoslavia: Genocide & Crimes Against Humanity-Mark Thompson.
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*The killing continued after the war, as Tito's victorious forces took revenge on their real and perceived enemies. British forces in Austria turned back tens of thousands of fleeing Yugoslavs. Estimates range from 30,000 to 55,000 killed between spring and autumn 1945.
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*Native German and Hungarian communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people—half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia—fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 ethnic Italians fled to Italy in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)</ref> against the war crimes that were committed by the Nazi element of the retreating Axis Forces.<ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''': History & Society-Independent State of Croatia </ref> This is true, but it is only part of the picture. The communists executed, without trial, a huge number of people that were deemed guilty by ''association only''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=qMZaPjrHqYYC&pg=PA283&dq=josip+broz+tito&hl=en&ei=BGf-S66gBMWrcc3wnZcK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBDge#v=onepage&q=josip%20broz%20tito&f=false Balkan Strongmen:] Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe ''by'' Bernd Jurgen Fischer. Page 283</ref>
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'''Note''': Reference information below: Milko Mikola- Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes. Chapter 3. Mass killings without court trials. (Page 163-164)
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{{Cquote|
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*The Main Headquarters of the Yugoslav Army had already called attention to respecting the ''Geneva Convention'' on 3rd of  May in its order on the treatment of prisoners of war. However, despite this injunction, both prisoners of war and civilians were killed on mass at the end of May and in the first half of June 1945 in Slovenia. Tito’s telegram on respecting the Geneva Convention was later revoked; however, it could only be revoked by the person who issued it in the first place, i.e. Tito himself.
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* It is estimated, mainly on the basis of graves discovered up to now, that around 100,000 captured members of different military formations and  civilians from all parts of Yugoslavia were killed without a court trial in Slovenia.<ref> [http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"]
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</ref>}}
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==Aleksandar Rankovic==
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According to the scientific research of ''Z.Dizdar'', Partisan General '''Aleksandar Rankovic''' (head of the military intelligence post WW2, the infamous UDBA<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4t5gBayTeDQC&pg=PA214&dq=Yugoslavia+Totalitarian+state&hl=en&ei=CJ_eS7HuF8uLkAXJxd3PBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCDgU#v=onepage&q=Yugoslavia%20Totalitarian%20state&f=false Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948] ''by'' Fred Warner Neal. Page 214. Second chapter: In a totalitarian state, personal freedom and human rights invariably most at the hands of unrestrianed police activity. That Yugoslavia was no exception was admitted by [http://files.osa.ceu.hu/holdings/300/8/3/text/86-3-147.shtml Aleksandar Rankovic], himself head of secret police or State Security Administration. This organization is known in Yugoslavia as UDBA.</ref>) was only answerable to [[User talk:Ockham/Wikipedia & Political Agendas#Josip Broz Tito|Josip Broz Tito]]. Aleksandar Rankovic played a major role in these executions and the only person who could give Rankovic such an order was Tito.  The executions were very similar to the Soviet Purges and the massacre of Polish troops by the Soviets.
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'''Note''': NKVD executed tens of thousands of Polish political prisoners in 1939-1941/ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katyń_massacre Katyn massacre].
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== Repatriated ==
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The article had this one very dubious sentence at the bottom of the ''Events'' chapter- Events chapter [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleiburg_massacre&diff=prev&oldid=380511739 link]:
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{{Cquote| [[Wikipedia]]: ''The vast majority of the refugees were returned to Yugoslavia and were '''repatriated''' as Yugoslav citizens '''via''' forced marches under inhumane conditions over long distances''.}}
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The key word is ''repatriated''.
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'''Concerning''' these events (forced marches- referring to Bleiburg & Way of the Cross massacres), The European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" stated:
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*The victims of these events were estimate to be 100 000.
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* 581 mass graves. <ref>[http://www.jutarnji.hr/u-581-grobnici-je-100-000-zrtava/310887/ www.jutarnji.hr]  U 581 Grobnici je 100.000 žrtava. [http://translate.google.com.au/translate?hl=en&sl=hr&u=http://www.jutarnji.hr/u-581-grobnici-je-100-000-zrtava/310887/&ei=8x3BS-n7MYH-6QP17L3CCQ&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAcQ7gEwAA&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.jutarnji.hr/u-581-grobnici-je-100-000-zrtava/310887/%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us English version-The Jutarnji newspaper reported on the 01/10/2009 commissions find, in all it is estimated that there are 100 000 victims in 581 mass graves]</ref>
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*There were a large number of civilians.
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*Many of the victims were also women.
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*There were a large number of regular POW army units.
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*Concentration and labour camps were established in [[Slovenia]] (a former republic of Yugoslavia) under [[Communists|communist]] rule after the end of the [[World War Two]] in Slovenia.
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(Please read: [[Titoism and Totalitarianism#European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"|Titoism and Totalitarianism]]  for information on the European Commission)
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It seems that the word ''repatriated'' does not reflect the truth of the matter.
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{{Cquote|Scientific Journal - An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross:
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*''An Addition to the Research of the Problem of '''Bleiburg''' & Way of the Cross. This paper dedicated to the 60th anniversary of these tragic events represents a small step towards the elaboration of known data and brings a list of yet unknown and unpublished original documents, mostly belonging to the '''Yugoslavian Military''' and '''Political Government 1945-1947'''. Amongst those documents are those mostly relating to Croatian territory although a majority of concentration camps and execution sites were outside of Croatia, in other parts of Yugoslavia. The author hopes that the readers will receive a complete picture about events related to ''Bleiburg'' and the Way of The Cross and the suffering of numerous Croats, which is confirmed directly in many documents and is related to the execution of a person or a whole group of people and sometimes non-stop for days.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=27516&lang=en|title=Hrcak Portal of Scientific Journals of Croatia: An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross|}} Scientific Journal by Zdravko Dizdar [http://www.unizg.hr/homepage/ University of Zagreb] </ref>}}
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'''Note''': The article has been edited on the 26 August 2010, current version:
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{{Cquote|Wikipedia: ''The vast majority of the refugees were returned to Yugoslavia via forced marches over long distances under inhumane conditions and the remaining survivors were repatriated as Yugoslav citizens.''}}
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== Notes==
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* European Public Hearing on CRIMES COMMITTED BY TOTALITARIAN REGIMES, organised by the '''Slovenian Presidency''' of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the '''European Commission'''.<ref>[http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on "Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes”] Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (January–June 2008) and the European Commission</ref>
  
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*Edited by Peter Jambrek.<ref>[http://assembly.coe.int/Main.asp?link=/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc93/EDOC6913.htm Council of Europe-Parliamentary Assembly]</ref> Published by Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the '''European Union Crimes''' and other gross and large scale human rights violations committed during the reign of totalitarian regimes in Europe: cross- national survey of crimes committed and of their remembrance, recognition, redress, and reconciliation.
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*[http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/08/230&type=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en EUROPA EU.] Press Releases-Brussels
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* Government of [[Slovenia]]: Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Concealed_Mass_Graves_in_Slovenia ''Link'']
 
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Revision as of 09:25, 15 September 2010

This is about Wikipedia's article on the Bleiburg Massacre.

Wikipedia's article on the Bleiburg massacre,[1][2] is an article that reads as if it was written by the former Communist Party of Yugoslavia. It has a dated writing approach that is reminiscent of the propaganda of the former Communist Yugoslavia. The Yugoslav regime was desperate to keep the massacre a secret however this all changed after the break up of Yugoslavia. These events happened after the end of World War Two. It has been written that the massacre was a revenge [3] against the war crimes that were committed by the Nazi element of the retreating Axis Forces.[4] This is true, but it is only part of the picture. The communists executed, without trial, a huge number of people that were deemed guilty by association only. [5]

Note: Reference information below: Milko Mikola- Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes. Chapter 3. Mass killings without court trials. (Page 163-164)

“
  • The Main Headquarters of the Yugoslav Army had already called attention to respecting the Geneva Convention on 3rd of May in its order on the treatment of prisoners of war. However, despite this injunction, both prisoners of war and civilians were killed on mass at the end of May and in the first half of June 1945 in Slovenia. Tito’s telegram on respecting the Geneva Convention was later revoked; however, it could only be revoked by the person who issued it in the first place, i.e. Tito himself.
  • It is estimated, mainly on the basis of graves discovered up to now, that around 100,000 captured members of different military formations and civilians from all parts of Yugoslavia were killed without a court trial in Slovenia.[6]
 ”

Aleksandar Rankovic

According to the scientific research of Z.Dizdar, Partisan General Aleksandar Rankovic (head of the military intelligence post WW2, the infamous UDBA[7]) was only answerable to Josip Broz Tito. Aleksandar Rankovic played a major role in these executions and the only person who could give Rankovic such an order was Tito. The executions were very similar to the Soviet Purges and the massacre of Polish troops by the Soviets.

Note: NKVD executed tens of thousands of Polish political prisoners in 1939-1941/ Katyn massacre.

Repatriated

The article had this one very dubious sentence at the bottom of the Events chapter- Events chapter link:

“ Wikipedia: The vast majority of the refugees were returned to Yugoslavia and were repatriated as Yugoslav citizens via forced marches under inhumane conditions over long distances. ”

The key word is repatriated.

Concerning these events (forced marches- referring to Bleiburg & Way of the Cross massacres), The European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" stated:

  • The victims of these events were estimate to be 100 000.
  • 581 mass graves. [8]
  • There were a large number of civilians.
  • Many of the victims were also women.
  • There were a large number of regular POW army units.
  • Concentration and labour camps were established in Slovenia (a former republic of Yugoslavia) under communist rule after the end of the World War Two in Slovenia.

(Please read: Titoism and Totalitarianism for information on the European Commission)

It seems that the word repatriated does not reflect the truth of the matter.

“ Scientific Journal - An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross:
  • An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross. This paper dedicated to the 60th anniversary of these tragic events represents a small step towards the elaboration of known data and brings a list of yet unknown and unpublished original documents, mostly belonging to the Yugoslavian Military and Political Government 1945-1947. Amongst those documents are those mostly relating to Croatian territory although a majority of concentration camps and execution sites were outside of Croatia, in other parts of Yugoslavia. The author hopes that the readers will receive a complete picture about events related to Bleiburg and the Way of The Cross and the suffering of numerous Croats, which is confirmed directly in many documents and is related to the execution of a person or a whole group of people and sometimes non-stop for days.[9]
 ”

Note: The article has been edited on the 26 August 2010, current version:

“ Wikipedia: The vast majority of the refugees were returned to Yugoslavia via forced marches over long distances under inhumane conditions and the remaining survivors were repatriated as Yugoslav citizens. ”

Notes

  • European Public Hearing on CRIMES COMMITTED BY TOTALITARIAN REGIMES, organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.[10]
  • Edited by Peter Jambrek.[11] Published by Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union Crimes and other gross and large scale human rights violations committed during the reign of totalitarian regimes in Europe: cross- national survey of crimes committed and of their remembrance, recognition, redress, and reconciliation.
  • EUROPA EU. Press Releases-Brussels
  • Government of Slovenia: Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia Link



References

  1. ^ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:". Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help) The Holocaust and Historical by David B. MacDonald. Page 168.
    • The Partisans also carried out massacres, best known being at Bleiburg Austria, where retreating Croatian and Slovenian forces and thier families were massacred.
  2. ^ Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases by Inc Icon Group International
  3. ^ www.enotes.com "Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 26 Jun, 2010 Yugoslavia: Genocide & Crimes Against Humanity-Mark Thompson.
    • The killing continued after the war, as Tito's victorious forces took revenge on their real and perceived enemies. British forces in Austria turned back tens of thousands of fleeing Yugoslavs. Estimates range from 30,000 to 55,000 killed between spring and autumn 1945.
    • Native German and Hungarian communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people—half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia—fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 ethnic Italians fled to Italy in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)
  4. ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica: History & Society-Independent State of Croatia
  5. ^ Balkan Strongmen: Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe by Bernd Jurgen Fischer. Page 283
  6. ^ European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"
  7. ^ Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948 by Fred Warner Neal. Page 214. Second chapter: In a totalitarian state, personal freedom and human rights invariably most at the hands of unrestrianed police activity. That Yugoslavia was no exception was admitted by Aleksandar Rankovic, himself head of secret police or State Security Administration. This organization is known in Yugoslavia as UDBA.
  8. ^ www.jutarnji.hr U 581 Grobnici je 100.000 žrtava. English version-The Jutarnji newspaper reported on the 01/10/2009 commissions find, in all it is estimated that there are 100 000 victims in 581 mass graves
  9. ^ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Hrcak Portal of Scientific Journals of Croatia: An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & Way of the Cross". Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help) Scientific Journal by Zdravko Dizdar University of Zagreb
  10. ^ European Public Hearing on "Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes” Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (January–June 2008) and the European Commission
  11. ^ Council of Europe-Parliamentary Assembly


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